The political and social developments in Europe during the Mahmud period have caused the politics of the European states to change with each other and the politics they have been watching against the Ottoman Empire. This thesis focuses on the exchange of balances. For this, the political events of the period were taken into consideration and the evaluations were carried out in an integrated manner. In this context, various archives were transcribed and analyzed, and copyrighted and audited works were used to examine the political events of the period. Especially after Napoleon changed the European map and the power balance as the French Emperor, the developments that followed the Industrial Revolution influenced the relations between the states. On the other hand, Napoleon invaded Egypt, and the Ottoman Empire began to establish a number of alliances with foreign states in order to protect its own land and put into practice the "balance politics" which it would pursue until its destruction. In this context, in this thesis, the foreign policy of the states and the effects of this politics on the Ottoman State are discussed. |