 cardiac malform associ ventricular septal defect studi 46 necropsi-prove case ventricular septal defect associ anomali recogn complex select associ anomali classifi 1 obstruct posit anomali great vessel 2 anomali respons addit shunt 3 anomali caus intraventricular obstruct 4 aortic valvular insuffici clinic find ventricular septal defect find associ lesion frequent obscur special studi includ cardiac catheter angiocardiographi failur arriv complet diagnosi find led erron incomplet diagnosi present complet diagnosi preoper procedur lead outlin diagnost approach vari malform coexist ventricular septal defect observ aortographi select left ventricular angiocardiographi commonli help identifi occult malform associ ventricular septal defect recommend complet studi includ left-side cardiac catheter left ventricular angiocardiographi aortographi consid case clinic electrocardiograph right-side cardiac catheter studi entir typic isol ventricular septal defect 